1. 設(shè)計(jì)合理的紙箱尺寸
1. Reasonably designed carton size
在設(shè)計(jì)紙箱時(shí)，除了考慮如何在一定的容積下用料更省，還應(yīng)考慮市場(chǎng)流通環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)單個(gè)紙箱的尺寸及重量的限制，銷售習(xí)慣，人體工程學(xué)原理及商品內(nèi)部排列的方便性與合理性等。根據(jù)人體工程學(xué)原理，合適的紙箱外形尺寸，不會(huì)導(dǎo)致人體的作業(yè)疲勞及損傷。過(guò)重的紙箱包裝，運(yùn)輸效率會(huì)受影響，損壞概率增加。按貿(mào)易慣例，一包裝紙箱重量限制為20kg。實(shí)際銷售中，對(duì)同一種商品，不同的包裝方式在市場(chǎng)上的程度是不同的。因此設(shè)計(jì)紙箱時(shí)，應(yīng)盡量按銷售習(xí)慣來(lái)確定包裝的大小。
When designing cartons, in addition to considering how to save materials under a certain volume, we should also consider the restrictions of the market circulation on the size and weight of a single carton, sales habits, ergonomic principles and the convenience and rationality of the internal arrangement of goods. According to the principle of ergonomics, the appropriate overall dimension of the carton will not lead to the operation fatigue and damage of the human body. If the cartons are too heavy, the transportation efficiency will be affected and the damage probability will increase. According to international trade practice, the weight of one carton is limited to 20kg. In actual sales, for the same commodity, different packaging methods have different popularity in the market. Therefore, when designing cartons, we should try to determine the size of packaging according to sales habits.
所以在紙箱設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，應(yīng)綜合考慮各種因素，在不提高成本，不影響其包裝功效的前提下，提高紙箱的抗壓強(qiáng)度。并在充分了解內(nèi)裝物的特性后，確定好紙箱的合理尺寸。
Therefore, in the process of carton design, various factors should be comprehensively considered to improve the compressive strength of the carton without increasing the cost and affecting its packaging efficiency. After fully understanding the characteristics of the contents, determine the reasonable size of the carton.
2. 瓦楞紙板達(dá)到規(guī)定的厚度
2. The corrugated board reaches the specified thickness
瓦楞紙板的厚度對(duì)紙箱的抗壓強(qiáng)度影響很大。在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中，瓦楞輥磨損嚴(yán)重，造成瓦楞紙板的厚度下降，紙箱的抗壓強(qiáng)度也隨之下降，導(dǎo)致紙箱的破損率增加。
The thickness of corrugated board has a great influence on the compressive strength of carton. In the production process, the corrugating roller is seriously worn, resulting in the decrease of the thickness of the corrugated board and the compressive strength of the carton, resulting in the increase of the damage rate of the carton.
3. 減少瓦楞的變形
3. Reduce the deformation of corrugated
，要控制好原紙的質(zhì)量，特別是瓦楞芯紙的環(huán)壓強(qiáng)度、水分等物理指標(biāo)。其次，對(duì)瓦楞紙板工藝進(jìn)行研究，改變因瓦楞輥的磨損、瓦楞輥間的壓力不足等因素導(dǎo)致的瓦楞變形。第三，改進(jìn)紙箱制造工藝，調(diào)整制箱機(jī)的送紙輥的間隙，以及將紙箱印刷改成柔性版印刷為主，以減少瓦楞的變形。同時(shí)也要注意紙箱的運(yùn)輸，盡量采用廂體車運(yùn)輸紙箱，減少因油布、繩子的捆扎和裝卸工的踩踏而引起瓦楞變形。
First of all, we should control the quality of base paper, especially the physical indexes such as ring compression strength and moisture of corrugated core paper. Secondly, the corrugated board process is studied to change the corrugation deformation caused by the wear of corrugating rollers and the insufficient pressure between corrugating rollers. Third, improve the carton manufacturing process, adjust the gap of the paper feeding roller of the carton making machine, and change the carton printing to flexographic printing, so as to reduce the deformation of corrugated. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the transportation of cartons, and try to use box cars to transport cartons, so as to reduce the corrugated deformation caused by the binding of tarpaulins and ropes and the trampling of stevedores.
4. 設(shè)計(jì)合適的瓦楞紙板層數(shù)
4. Design appropriate layers of corrugated board
瓦楞紙板按其材料的層數(shù)可分單層、三層、五層、七層。隨著層數(shù)的增加，具有較高的抗壓強(qiáng)度和堆碼強(qiáng)度。因此，可根據(jù)商品的特征、環(huán)境參數(shù)及消費(fèi)者要求進(jìn)行選擇。
Corrugated board can be divided into single layer, three layers, five layers and seven layers according to the number of layers of its material. With the increase of the number of layers, it has high compressive strength and stacking strength. Therefore, it can be selected according to the characteristics of goods, environmental parameters and consumer requirements.
5. 加強(qiáng)對(duì)瓦楞紙箱剝離強(qiáng)度的控制
5. Strengthen the control of the peeling strength of corrugated boxes
紙箱的瓦楞芯紙與面紙或里紙的粘合強(qiáng)度可通過(guò)檢測(cè)儀器來(lái)控制。如果剝離強(qiáng)度達(dá)不到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，要尋找原因。要求供應(yīng)商加強(qiáng)對(duì)紙箱原材料的檢驗(yàn)，紙張的緊度、含水率指標(biāo)一定要有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。并通過(guò)提高粘合劑質(zhì)量、改進(jìn)設(shè)備等來(lái)達(dá)到國(guó)標(biāo)要求的剝離強(qiáng)度。
The adhesive strength between corrugated core paper and face paper or inner paper of carton can be controlled by testing instrument. If the peel strength does not meet the standard requirements, find the reason. The supplier is required to strengthen the inspection of carton raw materials, and the tightness and moisture content of the paper must meet the relevant national standards. The peel strength required by the national standard is achieved by improving the quality of adhesive and equipment.
6. 合理設(shè)計(jì)紙箱圖案
6. Reasonably design carton pattern
紙箱應(yīng)盡量避免滿版印刷，以及橫向帶狀印刷，特別是箱面中橫向印刷，因?yàn)樗淖饔煤蜋M壓線一樣，印刷壓力會(huì)將瓦楞壓潰。在紙箱的箱面印刷設(shè)，要盡量減少套色次數(shù)。一般單色印刷后，紙箱抗壓強(qiáng)度降6%—12%，而三色套色后將降17%—20%。
The carton should avoid full page printing and horizontal strip printing as far as possible, especially the horizontal printing in the carton surface, because its function is the same as the horizontal pressing line, and the printing pressure will crush the corrugated. In the printing design of carton surface, the number of color registration should be reduced as much as possible. Generally, the compressive strength of cartons will be reduced by 6% - 12% after monochrome printing, and 17% - 20% after trichrome printing.
7. 確定合適的用紙規(guī)定
7. Determine the appropriate paper regulations
在具體的紙箱用紙?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中，應(yīng)適當(dāng)選取合適的原紙，原材料的質(zhì)量好壞是決定瓦楞紙箱抗壓強(qiáng)度的主要因素。通常，瓦楞紙箱的抗壓強(qiáng)度與原紙的定量、緊度、挺度、橫向環(huán)壓強(qiáng)度等指標(biāo)成正比；與含水率成反比。另外，原紙的外觀質(zhì)量對(duì)紙箱抗壓強(qiáng)度的影響也不容忽視。
In the specific carton paper design process, appropriate base paper should be selected appropriately. The quality of raw materials is the main factor determining the compressive strength of corrugated boxes. Generally, the compressive strength of corrugated box is directly proportional to the quantitative, tightness, stiffness, transverse ring compression strength and other indicators of base paper; Inversely proportional to water content. In addition, the influence of the appearance quality of base paper on the compressive strength of carton can not be ignored.
因此，要保證足夠的抗壓強(qiáng)度，需要選擇品質(zhì)優(yōu)良的原材料。但在設(shè)計(jì)紙箱的用紙時(shí)，不要一味地提高紙張的克重與等級(jí)，增加紙板總克重。實(shí)際上瓦楞紙箱的抗壓強(qiáng)度取決于面紙和瓦楞芯紙的環(huán)壓強(qiáng)度的組合效果。而瓦楞芯紙對(duì)強(qiáng)度的影響更大，所以不管從強(qiáng)度上還是從經(jīng)濟(jì)性考慮，提高瓦楞芯紙等級(jí)性能的效果要優(yōu)于提高面紙等級(jí)，而且經(jīng)濟(jì)得多?？赏ㄟ^(guò)到供應(yīng)商實(shí)地去檢查，并抽取原紙樣品，測(cè)出原紙的一系列指標(biāo)來(lái)控制好紙箱的用紙，防止偷工減料，以次充好。
Therefore, to ensure sufficient compressive strength, we first need to select high-quality raw materials. However, when designing the paper for carton, don't blindly improve the gram weight and grade of paper and increase the total gram weight of paperboard. In fact, the compressive strength of corrugated box depends on the combined effect of the ring compressive strength of face paper and corrugated core paper. The corrugated core paper has a greater impact on the strength, so regardless of the strength or economy, the effect of improving the grade performance of corrugated core paper is better than that of facial paper, and it is much more economical. We can control the use of paper in cartons by going to the supplier for on-site inspection, taking base paper samples and measuring a series of indicators of base paper, so as to prevent Jerry built and shoddy.
8. 改進(jìn)運(yùn)輸
8. Improve transportation
減少商品運(yùn)輸搬運(yùn)的次數(shù)，采用就近發(fā)貨的方法，改進(jìn)搬運(yùn)方式(建議采用鏟板搬運(yùn))；對(duì)搬運(yùn)工等進(jìn)行教育，提高其質(zhì)量意識(shí)，杜絕野蠻裝卸；在裝車運(yùn)輸時(shí)注意防雨防濕，捆綁不能過(guò)緊等。
Reduce the times of commodity transportation and handling, adopt the method of nearby delivery, and improve the handling method (shovel handling is recommended); Educate the porters, improve their quality awareness and eliminate rough loading and unloading; Pay attention to rain and moisture protection during loading and transportation, and the binding shall not be too tight.
9. 加強(qiáng)對(duì)經(jīng)銷商倉(cāng)庫(kù)的管理
9. Strengthen the management of dealers' warehouses
對(duì)銷售的商品應(yīng)遵循先出的原則，堆碼的層數(shù)不能太高，倉(cāng)庫(kù)不能過(guò)于潮濕，應(yīng)保持干燥通風(fēng)。
The principle of first in first out shall be followed for the goods sold. The number of layers of stacking shall not be too high, and the warehouse shall not be too wet. It shall be kept dry and ventilated.
